Tag Archives: Hardshell Churches of Georgia

Corinth Primitive Baptist Church, Charlton County

Though some sources give dates for the Alabaha/Crawfordite churches, there is really no way to determine this as they do not keep the type records which would validate these dates. Since this congregation dates to 1882, it is assumed that the church was constructed around that time.

The memorial pictured above is unique, so far, among these meeting houses. It states that the church was chartered in 1882 and first members were: Henry & Jane Prescott; James J. & Nancy Hendrix; David R. & Millie Wasdin; James & Ester Johns; and Sarah O’Berry. LeAnne Oliveira writes, in part: “The memorial sign was made by my daddy, John Prescott. After his retirement he returned to Charlton County and became very active in the upkeep of Corinth. The Prescotts on the sign were his paternal great-grandparents and the Wasdins were maternal great-grandparents. A board was formed to oversee the upkeep of the cemetery. Because the land was deeded by my great great grandfather to “the members” of Corinth Church the last two surviving members had to sign a quit claim deed in order to legally deed the land and church to the board. My father was buried here in November 2011 at the feet of his father. In order to be buried here today a person must have ancestors or blood relations buried there already. I have a plot marked off for myself and my husband, at the feet of my father. No meetings are held in the church any longer, but the Prescott family holds our reunion on the grounds every April. This church has always been a large part of my life and it sure makes my family tree easier to trace as I can cover half of it back four generations right in that cemetery.“

The interior is plain as are those of all the Alabaha/Crawfordite churches. Since this one has glass windows under the wooden shutters, I presume it is still an active congregation. There’s a privy on the grounds, as is emblematic of these churchyards, but there’s also a nice pump house.

The meeting house and a rather large historic cemetery can be found at the end of a dirt driveway. This is the view when you’re leaving or arriving.

Crawfordite Meeting Houses of Southeast Georgia

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A dirt path leading towards a wooden building surrounded by tall pine trees under a clear blue sky. — *Corinth Primitive Baptist Church, Charlton County*

In his fascinating thesis, The “Gold Standard” of the Wiregrass Primitive Baptists of Georgia: A History of the Crawford Faction of the Alabaha River Primitive Baptist Association, 1842-2007, (Valdosta State University, 2009), Michael Holt makes special note of the architectural distinctions of the Crawfordites: “[An] aspect of the Crawfordite tradition that remains today is the construction style of the meeting houses. While other Primitive Baptist Churches, including those in the Bennettite faction of the Alabaha Association, have begun to use brick, mortar, carpet, and other modern construction techniques, Crawfordite churches remain exactly as they would have appeared over a century ago. They are still fashioned from unfinished pine, with no electricity, carpet, or running water…this austere architecture helps keep the connection with the past strong. It should be noted that in recent years, One part of the church grounds has adopted more modern conveniences. The outhouses that adorned the grounds of all the churches in the association have now been replaced with outdoor restroom facilities with running water, though this change was made primarily to bring the restroom facilities in line with public health regulations. However, this addition has not encroached on the overall intended affect of the architecture…”

A wooden building with a red roof, featuring boarded windows, situated in a grassy area near a cemetery. — Bethlehem Primitive Baptist Church, Bachlott, Brantley County

A rustic wooden barn with a corrugated roof, situated in a wooded area under a clear blue sky. — *Emmaus Primitive Baptist Church, St. George, Charlton County*

A rustic wooden barn with multiple windows and a sloped roof, surrounded by trees and open grassland under a clear blue sky. — Enon Primitive Baptist Church, Pierce County

A rustic wooden building with a metal roof, featuring stairs and a ramp, set on a grassy landscape. — High Bluff Primitive Baptist Church, Schlatterville, Brantley County

A wooden barn with a metal roof, situated in a grassy yard surrounded by trees under a clear blue sky. — New Home Primitive Baptist Church, Pierce County

A wooden building with a sloped metal roof, featuring multiple windows and doors, set in a grassy area surrounded by trees. — Oak Grove Primitive Baptist Church, Raybon, Brantley County

An old wooden building with a rusty metal roof, situated on a sandy ground surrounded by trees. — Pilgrims Rest Primitive Baptist Church, Waynesville, Brantley County

A rustic wooden building with a peaked roof, surrounded by trees, set on a grassy area. The structure features multiple boarded windows and a set of stairs leading to the entrance. — Sardis Primitive Baptist Church, Charlton County

Side view of a rustic wooden building surrounded by trees and Spanish moss against a cloudy sky. — Shiloh Primitive Baptist Church, Blackshear, Pierce County

A rustic wooden building with a red metal roof, surrounded by greenery and a graveyard in the background. — Smyrna Primitive Baptist Church, Lulaton, Brantley County

A rustic, weathered wooden building with a metal roof, surrounded by trees and grass. The building has boarded windows and a small staircase at the entrance. — Spring Hill Primitive Baptist Church, Brantley County

An old wooden building with a rusty metal roof, surrounded by tall pine trees and grassy area. — Wayfair Primitive Baptist Church, Cox, McIntosh County

The Crawfordites are named for Elder Reuben Crawford. Dr. John G. Crowley, the leading authority on the history of Primitive Baptists notes in his article “The Sacred Harp Controversy in the Original Alabaha Primitive Baptist Association,” Baptist Studies Bulletin July 2004 “[they] emerged as a subset of the Primitive Baptists in the 1860s and 1870s. During the Twentieth Century the “Crawfordites” became the most austere and conservative Primitive Baptists in Georgia, eschewing radio, television, neckties, painted and heated meetinghouses.” Michael Holt further notes in his thesis: “Whereas every other Primitive Baptist association has altered somewhat from the original tenets of the denomination, the Crawford Faction of the Alabaha has remained unchanged since the time of its founding in 1842…“

Dr. Crowley’s article can be accessed here. Just scroll down to Primitive Baptists.

PHOTOGRAPHER’S NOTE: This is not a complete photographic record, as there are more Crawfordite churches in the area I’ve not yet visited. They will be added as they are documented.