Category Archives: Baconton GA

Baconton: Birthplace of the Paper-shell Pecan Industry in Georgia

Pine Avenue, leading to Jackson Groves. Vintage postcard mailed 7 November 1929. Collection of Brian Brown

According to website of the City of Baconton, the town was named for Major Robert James Bacon, who settled in the area in 1858. A planter and entrepreneur, Bacon gave the Savannah, Florida & Western Railroad the right-of-way through his plantation, ensuring an economic presence for the community, which was named in his honor in 1869. Baconton is best-known today as the birthplace of the paper-shell pecan industry in Georgia. This variety was generally more desirable than others and brought a better profit to its growers, hence the emergence of nearby Albany as the center of the paper-shell market by the 1920s, as land speculators planted thousands of acres of pecans in the area.

Six-year Old paper-shell Pecan Tree. Vintage postcard mailed 28 November 1931. Collection of Brian Brown

According to Maria Clark, the paper-shell variety was invented [grafted] by an enslaved man named Antoine who worked at Oak Alley Plantation in Louisiana circa 1846. The first commercially-viable variety of note was known as the Centennial Pecan, as it had been submitted as a representative product of Louisiana at the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia in 1876. In Georgia, for much of the 20th century, the Schley was the go-to paper-shell variety, and in my family’s orchards they have always been a favorite. New varieties are being developed all the time.

Barnwell Pecan Orchards. Vintage postcard mailed 4 December 1923. Collection of Brian Brown

These historic postcards illustrate how proud Baconton was of its burgeoning paper-shell pecan industry in the early 1900s.

Freight Warehouse, Baconton

Its proximity to the railroad tracks would suggest this freight warehouse benefited from a railroad connection. In the smallest towns, businesses that took advantage of this connection were often among the most profitable in their communities and employed quite a few people. A barely visible Coca-Cola mural survives on the left side of the freight door. This photo dates to 2017.

Baconton Commercial Historic District, National Register of Historic Places

Historic Storefronts, Baconton

Railroad Avenue

Like so many other towns that thrived in the railroad era, Baconton has seen its historic commercial area deteriorate over the years. A few still seem to be in use, including those shown here, and it’s always hopeful when people try to keep them viable.

Railroad Avenue at Walton Street

The commercial historic district is centered around Railroad Avenue and Walton Street and features buildings typical of small towns in the early 20th century.

Walton Street

I made these photographs in 2017 and I believe several of these buildings have been restored or at least repainted since that time. I hope to get back to Baconton soon and rephotograph them.

Baconton Commercial Historic District, National Register of Historic Places

Jackson Supply Company, 1902, Baconton

This was the first major commercial structure built on East Walton Street and is in need of immediate preservation, if it’s even salvageable at this point. Grantham Harrell writes: My great grandfather built this and grandfather worked here for years living a few hundred yards away. Robert Dickens recalls: My dad worked here when it was Baconton Hardware.

Baconton Commercial Historic District, National Register of Historic Places

Baconton M. E. Church, South, 1902

The South Georgia Conference of the United Methodist Church notes: Organized at Raiford, now Lester, in 1870, this church was earlier known as Shiloh. Its first wooden building, lighted by beef tallow candles placed on wooden strips around the walls, also served as a school. In 1875, the site was moved and a large log church and school building was built. “Preacher Russell” was the first pastor. In 1882, the site was moved four miles west of the 1875 site and a wooden building was erected and furnished with long benches with solid backs and lighted by oil chandeliers. In 1902, the present gothic structure was erected. A fellowship hall was added in 1967.

This church is very similar in design to the Lumber City United Methodist Church.

Walton Street-Church Street Historic District, National Register of Historic Places

Sharpe House, 1920, Baconton

Real estate listings date this house to 1920, but its Queen Anne influences make me wonder if it’s not a bit earlier. Perhaps it was one of the first houses in the Walton Street-Church Street Historic District. The Neoclassical porch design is of another architectural era than the main part of the house.

Walton Street-Church Street Historic District, National Register of Historic Places

Cross Gable Cottage, 1907, Baconton

This cross gable cottage is a good example of the emerging transitional architectural styles that came into popularity in the early 20th century, often as a response to the high style, and expense, of the Victorian aesthetic. The South Railroad Historic District is centered along the railroad tracks, just a couple of blocks from the commercial center of this once bustling community. The first decade of the 20th century was a prosperous era in Baconton and most of its houses date from this time.

South Railroad Historic District, National Register of Historic Places

George W. Jackson House, 1898, Baconton

George Washington Jackson came with his family to Dougherty County from Wilkinson County as a young boy. At the age of ten he moved with his widowed mother and brother and sister to the Mount Enon community, several miles from Baconton. He served as a lieutenant in the Confederate army and later as a county commissioner. He had farming operations all over what is today northern Mitchell County; he built this home in 1898 to replace a log farmhouse at this location. He and his wife, Eulelia Peacock Jackson, had nine children. Numerous other families lived here throughout the 20th century.

The city of Baconton saved this important historic home and transformed it into their city hall. It’s a great example of thinking outside the box. Perhaps it will serve as inspiration for other communities to pursue non-traditional avenues of preservation.

National Register of Historic Places

Mt. Enon Baptist Church, 1888, Mitchell County

Mt. Enon was constituted in 1856, to serve the spiritual needs of the now-forgotten Gum Pond community, and the present structure dates to 1888 (according to the National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form).  General Joseph Wheeler’s troops stopped at this location while returning federal prisoners to Andersonville, and the first Academy in Mitchell County, Ravenwood, was also located here.

On 29 December 1883, Mt. Enon was also the site of the organizational meeting of the Mallary Baptist Association, named for the prominent Georgia statesman Charles Dutton Mallary. Members of this association today can be found in Mitchell, Colquitt, Tift, and Worth counties.

Today, Mount Enon is the last surviving structure associated with the dead town of Gum Pond. At the outset of the Civil War in 1860, Gum Pond had a population of about 400, with a general store, an inn, and a blacksmith shop. After the settlement of Baconton in 1869, Gum Pond’s population decreased and the community all but disappeared. The church disbanded in 1928.

National Register of Historic Places