Church Sign, Trudie
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Category Archives: –BRANTLEY COUNTY GA–
Philadelphia Wesleyan Church, 1904, Hortense
From the congregational history: In the year 1900 a church was organized at the old Sawgrass School outside of Hortense GA. The “Sawgrass” Church was started as a response to a revival held in the area by Rev. J J Williams.
In 1904 property across the street from the school was donated to the church. The first building, and still current worship area, is pictured to the left. Although the nickname “Sawgrass” is how many still know the church, from 1904 on the official name of the church was Philadelphia Wesleyan Methodist Church.
For a period of time Philadelphia was part of a “circuit”, a group of four churches that were pastored by one person. In this case, Philadelphia was on a circuit with Browntown Wesleyan Methodist, Hortense Wesleyan Methodist, and Oak Grove Wesleyan Methodist.
In 1968 the Wesleyan Methodist and Pilgrim Holiness denominations merged. As a result, the name of the church became Philadelphia Wesleyan Church.
The following pastors have led Philadelphia Wesleyan through the years: F L Thornton, W B Lee, M M Strickland, J D Patterson, A G Cornelison, J C Clubb, W B Clubb, F H Harris, H R Gumby, W T Brinson, G H Doty, C M Payne, W L Snellgrove, E L Elford, Rev. Alexander, W G Wagnon, W V Hartley, R C Mathis, Henry Sapp, Thomas Lentz, David Horne, and Ron Stayman. In 2016 the Lord brought our current Pastor, Tim and Karen Johnson, to Philadelphia.
Crawfordite Meeting Houses of Southeast Georgia
In his fascinating thesis, The “Gold Standard” of the Wiregrass Primitive Baptists of Georgia: A History of the Crawford Faction of the Alabaha River Primitive Baptist Association, 1842-2007, (Valdosta State University, 2009), Michael Holt makes special note of the architectural distinctions of the Crawfordites: “[An] aspect of the Crawfordite tradition that remains today is the construction style of the meeting houses. While other Primitive Baptist Churches, including those in the Bennettite faction of the Alabaha Association, have begun to use brick, mortar, carpet, and other modern construction techniques, Crawfordite churches remain exactly as they would have appeared over a century ago. They are still fashioned from unfinished pine, with no electricity, carpet, or running water…this austere architecture helps keep the connection with the past strong. It should be noted that in recent years, One part of the church grounds has adopted more modern conveniences. The outhouses that adorned the grounds of all the churches in the association have now been replaced with outdoor restroom facilities with running water, though this change was made primarily to bring the restroom facilities in line with public health regulations. However, this addition has not encroached on the overall intended affect of the architecture…”
The Crawfordites are named for Elder Reuben Crawford. Dr. John G. Crowley, the leading authority on the history of Primitive Baptists notes in his article “The Sacred Harp Controversy in the Original Alabaha Primitive Baptist Association,” Baptist Studies Bulletin July 2004 “[they] emerged as a subset of the Primitive Baptists in the 1860s and 1870s. During the Twentieth Century the “Crawfordites” became the most austere and conservative Primitive Baptists in Georgia, eschewing radio, television, neckties, painted and heated meetinghouses.” Michael Holt further notes in his thesis: “Whereas every other Primitive Baptist association has altered somewhat from the original tenets of the denomination, the Crawford Faction of the Alabaha has remained unchanged since the time of its founding in 1842…“
Dr. Crowley’s article can be accessed here. Just scroll down to Primitive Baptists.
PHOTOGRAPHER’S NOTE: This is not a complete photographic record, as there are more Crawfordite churches in the area I’ve not yet visited. They will be added as they are documented.
High Bluff Primitive Baptist Church, Schlatterville
Originating on a high bluff of the Satilla River near Raybon in 1819, this congregation is one of the oldest and most historic in Brantley County. Mrs. Martha Mizell Puckett’s history of the church highlights much more information. There is no consensus as to why these early settlers left Raybon, but Judge Folks Huxford, South Georgia’s best-known genealogist, suggested they came to the Schlatterville area around 1822 to escape a cholera outbreak.
For a time, the congregation was known as Big Creek, but restored the name of High Bluff Church between 1878-80. High Bluff is still very active and is the largest congregation in the Alabaha Primitive Baptist Church Association.
Seat cushions and funeral home fans are the only “modern conveniences” to be found at High Bluff.
What moved me the most at this location was the magnificent cemetery, one of the largest in the area and the final resting place of many pioneers of South Georgia. I think of it as a sort of rural Bonaventure and could spend countless hours wandering its historic lots. A comprehensive guide to interments has been compiled for researchers and those with an interest in locating ancestors.
In a lot near the front of the church can be found the burial place of Lydia A. Stone (27 June 1864 – 4 January 1938), who was known as the Queen of the Okefenokee for her vast land holdings and business successes. Also buried here are her first husband, D. G. Stone (19 October 1878 – 18 August 1926), her second husband and heir, John Melton Crews (17 August 1906 – 7 January 1970), as well as his second wife, Kissie (8 September 1913 – 15 November 1947), and Mrs. Stone’s parents.
Adjacent to the Stone plot are two picketed enclosures retaining what appears to be the original woodwork, quite a rarity in the coastal climate of Brantley County.
John Ammons, NC & GA Militias Revolutionary War (1760 – 1852) One of Marion’s Men
This headstone, placed by the Sons of the American Revolution, honors a member of General Francis Marion’s command. Marion was known as the Swamp Fox.
Daniel F. Gill, Sr. (15 September 1905 – 18 December 1981)
This memorial suggests that Mr. Gill was involved in the circus, perhaps Ringling Brothers.
Oak Grove Primitive Baptist Church, Raybon
The architecture of Oak Grove is the board-and-batten vernacular style emblematic of the Crawfordite meeting houses. The beautiful interior is smaller than most but equally awe-inspiring.
The pulpit, or “the stand’ as it’s known by these congregations, is always oriented at the side of the meeting house.
The earliest headstones date to the turn of the last century. An infant burial of 1901 is the earliest I could locate in the cemetery, but there are many Brantley county pioneer families represented here.
The dates in the cemetery would suggest that this congregation is a bit younger than other Hardshell churches in the area.
Log Tobacco Barn, Bachlott
Bethlehem Primitive Baptist Chuch, Bachlott
This church was founded in 1842 and joined the Alabaha Association (Crawfordite) in 1905. They joined the Satilla River Association in 1969. The congregation disbanded in 1991. I’m not sure when the present structure was built.
Above is a good representation of the old-style shuttered windows.
The interiors of all of the Hardshell churches are beautiful testaments to faith and good carpentry.
Bethlehem Cemetery is large and well-maintained, as are all of the Hardshell cemeteries, but is unique in that it contains a pair of grave houses, a relative rarity in South Georgia.
Adult Grave House
Child’s Grave House
Note the gopher hole at the edge of this lot. Gopher holes are a sure sign of rattlesnakes, too.
Some references list this church’s address as Bethlehem Road in Hickox, but if you attempt to take that road from U. S. Highway 301, you will find an overgrown field road that leads to an inaccessible bridge. Since I had to access it from Bachlott, and due to the fact that it’s closer to that settlement, I listed Bachlott as its location.
Cypress Swamp, Waynesville
Pilgrim’s Rest Primitive Baptist Church, Waynesville
I will post information on the history of this church when I can locate it.
Like other “Hardshell” churches in the region, the interior is as plain as the exterior.
The entrance gate (unique among these churches) is dedicated to the memory of James O., Sr., and N. Gertrude Jacobs Smith.
The cemetery is relatively small with burials dating to the early 20th century.
International R-185 Fire Truck, Waynesville
I don’t know if this once did service for the Waynesville community or if it’s just a salvaged truck; this one likely dates to the late 1950s and is in relatively good condition.
