This home was built by the first settler and namesake of Homerville, Dr. John Homer Mattox (1827-1895) in 1853. In the winter of that year, Dr. Mattox moved his family from their home on the Suwannee River, near the Florida line, to this location. His wife was Lucinda M. Sheffield (1825-1906), daughter of Isham and Lucinda Harrell Sheffield. They eventually had seven children.
Dr. Mattox was the son of Col. Elijah Bankston Mattox (1798-1856) and Lavinia M. Johnson Mattox (1803-1882), who came to Ware County (Clinch County was created in 1850), from Tattnall County. Though a physician by training, Dr. Mattox, according to Folk Huxford’s History of Clinch County (1916), was more interested in farming and business pursuits than the practice of medicine. His brother, Dr. L. C. Mattox, also a physician, lived nearby.
To attract the railroad to locate a station on his land, Dr. Mattox granted them right of way and gave a large lot in the center of the community for public use. The Atlantic & Gulf Railroad laid track here in 1860. The settlement was first officially known as Station No. 11, but when a post office was opened, it was named Homerville, for Dr. Mattox. There was an immediate push to remove the county seat from Magnolia to Homerville, and the legislature authorized this change in December 1860.
Kathryn Griffis Poppell and Kathy M. Poppell donated the home to the city in 2000 and it now serves as the Chamber of Commerce.
According to an historic marker placed by the Basford family in 2008, this vernacular Greek Revival cottage was built circa 1858 by Randolph Avera. At the time of its construction, it was more a country place, on the edge of the city. J. A. Weirig, a Thomasville carpenter, purchased the home in 1895. His daughter, Bessie Weirig, lived here for the next 75 years. It was saved and protected by Thomasville Landmarks in 1971 and was the first property in their revolving fund, which identifies, acquires, and connects historic homes with preservation-minded owners .
Dawson Street Residential Historic District, National Register of Historic Places
Located in the Red Hills southwest of Thomasville, Springhill Methodist is the oldest church in Thomas County. The vernacular Greek Revival structure, built circa 1833, was restored by Charlie Howard Whitney in 2010. The congregation dates to 1822, when a log church was built by pioneers Peter McKinnon, Lockland Morrison, Angus Morrison, and one other man, whose name is lost to the ages.
John Ferrell, who wrote a history of the congregation in 1924, notes that regular services began in 1826. By the 1840s, the congregation numbered nearly 500 members. Over time, it dwindled to point that regular services weren’t feasible, but it still meets on fifth Sundays, a few times a year, and is available for weddings and funerals.
Urn atop Isabella Morrison tomb
The historic cemetery is a fascinating peek into the early history of the area.
Isabella Graham Morrison (1810-9 June 1843)
The tomb of Isabella Graham Morrison is the most notable memorial in the cemetery, not only because Mrs. Morrison was the wife of one of the founders of the congregation, Angus Morrison (1783-1865) but for its unusual appearance. Isabella, a native of North Carolina, and Angus Morrison, Sr., were married on 13 January 1830 in Telfair County and they had seven children. After Isabella’s death, Angus married Mary A. Strange (1818-1919) in 1852 and to that union two more children were born to Angus Morrison. He died at Sopchoppy, Florida, and is buried there. The unsigned but finely executed marble marker on the front reads: This tomb was erected to the memory of Isabella Morrison – consort of Angus Morrison – Who died in the triumphs of a gospel faith June the 9th 1843 aged 30 years – Leaving a husband, children, numerous relatives to mourn the loss of an affectionate companion, a fond dutiful mother, and faithful friend who always made it her motto in life to live the life of the righteous that her latter end might be as his.
Decedent and dates unknown
The most curious grave is a concrete slab featuring an unusual medallion. The identity of the decedent has been obliterated by time, and it appears someone painted the medallion to make it distinguishable. It was obviously made from a mold of some kind; it features a whimsical water bird, wearing glasses and a hat, with a coconut-laden palm in the background. I first though it to be a stork but now I’m not sure. If anyone knows the story of this one, please get in touch.
Jessey Applewhite (1854-1887) – Back side of marker
Zinc headstones (known to taphophiles and cemetery tourists as ‘zinkys’) were very trendy in the late 1800s, and were advertised to last as long as marble and other stone memorials. Many have survived nicely and can be found in cemeteries throughout the country, thanks to the excellent marketing of their primary manufacturer, the Monumental Bronze Company.
Margaret L. McIntosh Ferrell (1829-1891)
Margaret McIntosh was a native of a pioneer family of Brooks County, according to her obituary. She and James Ferrell were married in 1853 and had five children. Two died of tuberculosis, or consumption as it was known at the time. The disease was also noted as the cause of death for Margaret.
James Ferrell (1817-1893)
James Farrell outlived his wife Margaret by about two years. He was the son of Hutchins and Celia Morgan Ferrell.
According to the National Register of Historic Places, the Jarrett-Hayes House “was built by Robert Jarrett using hand-made bricks and slave labor...it also has an original ell on the rear… The house reflects the construction methods of the period with the on-premise, hand-made bricks, pegged interior woodwork, and turned balusters...The property was at one time a thriving 800 acre plantation producing corn, wheat, cotton, peas, and beans. In 1950, it was purchased by Elizabeth Turnbull Hayes, great granddaughter of Robert Jarrett. The land was used for farming until the creation of Lake Hartwell in 1958-1960.”
It is well maintained and remains an important symbol of the area’s early history.
Traveler’s Rest was built upon land granted to Major Jesse Walton in 1785 for his service in the Revolutionary War. Walton was killed by indigenous people near this site in 1789. The Walton family sold the land to Gen. James Rutherford Wyly (1782-1855), who built the original section of the house between 1816-1825. The property was purchased by Devereaux Jarrett (1785-1852) in 1838. Jarrett expanded the original structure to ten rooms. He opened it to the public as an inn, trading post, and post office, to meet the needs of a growing population made possible by the Unicoi Turnpike, an early public road in the area. Among its early guests was G. W. Featherstonehaugh, and English scientist who served as the first geologist for the U. S. government and a surveyor of the Louisiana Purchase.
This 1934 photograph by Branan Sanders for the Historic American Buildings Survey shows Traveler’s Rest looking much as it does today, albeit a bit overgrown. Courtesy Library of Congress.
It was known as Jarrett Manor during that family’s ownership. Notably, the last owner, Mary Jarrett White (1870-1957), was the first woman in Georgia to vote. The site is open, with limited hours, as a state historic site today.
The Asa Chandler House is one of the most historically important and endangered houses in Elberton, and an unusual resource to be so intact within an urban setting.
Kitchen, originally located north of house but later attached
Though tax digests and historic resource surveys date the house to circa 1849, it likely originated earlier as a simpler form, perhaps a dogtrot, and possibly as early as the 1820s or 1830s.
Chimney, showing original granite blocks with restored brick section
Asa Chandler (1806-1874) bought the 36-acre property in 1849. He was a preacher and yeoman farmer who may have owned several slaves. After the Civil War, Rev. Chandler continued to operate the farm while serving numerous congregations in northeast Georgia. He was known to have a peach orchard at one time. Southern Anthology, a genealogical compendium of “families on the frontier of the Old South” notes: “Rev. Asa Chandler was born on the 22d of August, 1808, in Franklin County, Georgia. He made a public profession of faith in Christ in his 14th year, and joined the Poplar Spring church, in his native county. He was ordained in his 21st year, and in 1834 accepted the pastorate of the Van’s Creek church, in Elbert county, and moved to Ruckersville. He served that church as pastor for the long period of thirty-seven years, and was its pastor when he died. Other churches also enjoyed the benefit of his ministerial services, especially the Falling Creek church, of which he was pastor for more than twenty years.“
19th century well house
In 1917, the home was purchased by postmaster and mail carrier Walter C. Jones, who added the garage and other modern barns to the property. Mr. Jones was also a small-scale farmer, who may have planted the pecan orchard behind the house.
Barn, possibly of log construction and later sided with tar paper
The property is amazingly intact but its location on the main north-south highway in Elberton makes it vulnerable to development.
Garage, 20th century
It’s important for its antebellum origins, but also for its transition into a modern farm.
View from well house to main house
I don’t know its present status but I hope it will be preserved.
Front elevation of house, showing sleeping porch (at right) added by the Jones family in the 1920s
The home of Josiah Freeman Auld is one of the most conspicuous landmarks in downtown Elberton and its origins are likely earlier than the generally given dates of 1860 and 1860 in real estate listings and tax digests. As the view from the sidewalk on McIntosh Street (above) illustrates, the house is set on a steep promontory above the surrounding neighborhood, so as not to be missed. As is evident from the photographs, the home was originally a simple Plantation Plain or I-House, with a wing, added later no doubt. The Victorian porch and its details are later additions, perhaps closer to the 1869 date, or a bit later.
A 1975 survey noted that Mrs. Fred Auld was still living in the home and had painted it red to cheer it up a bit. The surveyor wondered if the chimneys had all fallen, since none were present. He also noted: “the house has the “Elberton Doorway” (trabeated with narrow sidelights) found on some of the houses of the 1850s and perhaps later, such as the Adams, James-Kay, and Swift-Oliver Houses.”
The home is named for and associated with Josiah Freeman Auld (1832-1895) and Rachel Amanda McFall Auld (1836-1922), though many resources mistakenly identify him as Joshua Freeman Auld. Auld was a prominent citizen of Elberton and owned a successful blacksmith and carriage shop, adjacent to this house at the corner of McIntosh and Church Streets, where the old Norman Garage stands today. The area was known as Auld’s Corner in its day. I believe the home remained in the Auld family well into the 20th century.
Elberton Residential Historic District, National Register of Historic Places
This is the enigmatic Phoenix Academy, where Joel Chandler Harris attended school as a young man while working as a print devil for famed plantation publisher Joseph Addison Turner (1826-1868). It was saved and relocated to its present location in the mid-1970s by an Atlanta architect who owned the surrounding property, itself an historic antebellum plantation. More about that after a little background.
PLEASE NOTE: This property is not publicly accessible and trespassing is closely monitored by multiple means.
Phoenix Academy was built in the vicinity of Turnwold, northeast of Eatonton, circa 1860. The area is historically identified as Phoenix on maps. The house known as Turnwold today, the Lane-Turner House, was actually one of two on a large working plantation, the other being the older Alexander-Turner House. Joseph Addison Turner, published The Countryman, a weekly newspaper, from his property, the Alexander-Turner House. The Countryman was the only periodical ever published from a plantation during the Civil War and was widely read throughout the confederacy. His brother, William Wilberforce Turner (1830-1879), who lived in the Lane-Turner House, came up with the Turnwold name for the plantation, according to the National Register of Historic Places, and Joseph like it so much he applied to the entire property. (Turnwold means “Turner’s field”).
Union Academy, built circa 1820 by William Turner (1787-1853), the patriarch of the Turner family, originally stood on the site, but it was lost to fire*. Some time later, Phoenix Academy was built in its place. William Howard Seward, who served as Abraham Lincoln’s secretary of state, was an early rector at Union Academy. Joseph Addison Turner taught and served as president of the board of trustees for Phoenix Academy. He saw promise in a young, poorly educated Joel Chandler Harris, and encouraged him to attend school in the mornings while he apprenticed as a print devil for The Countryman in the afternoons. From his experiences among the enslaved people at Turnwold flowed Harris’s inspiration for the Uncle Remus stories. Though the Uncle Remus canon faded from popularity long before justified modern academic and social debates about controversial topics arose, mostly due to their rural subject matter and stereotypical portrayal of African-Americans, Harris remains a foundational figure in the history of Southern literature, if for no other reason than preserving the lost language of the enslaved and for his firsthand accounts of plantation life. A recent study found: Generations of Putnam County’s children, both black and white, have grown up with Harris, Remus, and Br’er Rabbit looming in the background of their lives. Yet in an age when the Harris books have fallen out of favor and Disney has permanently shelved the 1948 film version, nearly 100% of Putnam’s students engaged in this project acknowledge having never previously read a single Uncle Remus story.
*- (The date of the fire, and of the construction of Phoenix academy, is unclear; the National Register dates it to circa 1862 but also describes it as “antebellum”. I believe it may date to earlier in the 1850s and was assigned the 1862 date due to the Joel Chandler Harris association. The National Register also notes: “Over the years as the student body grew, a larger structure was constructed alongside the academy. The original Phoenix Academy became the headmaster’s residence until the academy’s closing, when it became a tenant residence. The second Phoenix School was torn down approximately ten years ago (c. 1965). Like many rural schoolhouses of the period, Phoenix Academy is of the Greek Revival style. It exhibits a pediment, pilasters with Ionic-order scrolls and molding around the door and window frames. The unusually fine application of Greek Revival details to one of the few surviving examples of rural antebellum academies in Georgia makes Phoenix Academy a unique and noteworthy structure.”).
Now, back to the story of how Phoenix Academy wound up clear across Putnam County. It’s all due to the foresight of architect and preservationist Earl McMillen, Jr. (1938-2007), who practiced in Atlanta and purchased the historic Singleton Plantation in 1968. When McMillen learned of the imminent demolition of the schoolhouse circa 1975, he acquired it from Putnam County and brought it to his property, where he painstakingly put it back together, just as it had originally stood. Its connection to Joel Chandler Harris was too important to be lost, McMillen rightfully believed. He did remove a rear wing, which had been added later in its history. It was used a rural schoolhouse well into the 20th century for children who lived in the area of Turnwold. An early 1900s photograph of Phoenix School, which the old academy was known as by then, shows that the school had a small front porch with a shed roof, but that was likely not original and was also removed by Mr. McMillen. I’m honored to be able to share these photographs, and am grateful to Dutch Henderson for the introduction, and to the Odum family for their generosity in allowing me to do so and for their continued stewardship of this important piece of Southern history. I’ll share more of their historic property in the next post.
Men from Jefferson Academy established Carmel Baptist Church in 1835, near the Brick Store community. In 1851 the congregation merged with Liberty Baptist Church, which was established circa 1815. The combined congregations chose to use Carmel as the name for the new church and moved to the present location at Mansfield. Enslaved people are known to have attended, as well. Carmel reached its peak membership circa 1911 and around that time, several hundred members left and formed another church in Mansfield. By the early 1970s, the congregation dwindled to a point it could not sustain regular services but family members have kept the structure and adjacent cemetery in excellent condition for over half a century. I imagine it is still used for special events and observations.
The oldest and most prominent monument on the quad of the Oxford campus is this obelisk, presumably of Georgia marble, erected in 1849 in memory of the school’s first president, Ignatius Alonso Few (1789-1845), by the Phi Gamma and Few Societies and the Grand Masonic Lodge of Georgia. Few was the founding director of the Georgia Conference [Methodist] Manual Labor School, predecessor to Emory College, and the first president of Emory College.
Oxford Historic District, National Register of Historic Places
