Tag Archives: Historic Coastal Georgia

Catholic Cemetery, 1853, Savannah

Savannah’s Catholic Cemetery was established by Bishop Francis Xavier Gartland (1805-1854) in 1853 when local politicians denied the congregation’s request for a specially consecrated section in Laurel Grove. An eight-acre purchase on the grounds of the former Rhinehart Plantation was the genesis of this large park-like necropolis. Many remains first buried in Colonial Park were re-interred here, which explains the memorials which predate the existence of the Catholic Cemetery. Surprisingly, this property is not listed on the National Register of Historic Places. While Bonaventure, Colonial Park, and the Laurel Grove cemeteries get scores of visitors, the Catholic Cemetery is often overlooked.

After the surrender of Savannah to General Sherman’s troops on 23 November 1864, Union soldiers encamped here for a time and are known to have desecrated graves. Some of these were restored in 1867 after pleas by Bishop Augustin Verot to President Andrew Johnson and Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton. Several additions have expanded the cemetery over the years.

The memorials and monuments depicted here are presented in no particular order, and I will add more images in the future.

Prince – He loved his master

It’s rare to see pets buried in human cemeteries. Prince, a beloved companion of Patrick Hagan (1843-1912), is one of the most sought-out and photographed monuments in the Catholic Cemetery.

This depiction of a welcoming Christ graces a Buttimer family plot and is located near the cemetery entrance.

Joseph Truchelut (1769-1826)

This is one of two memorials for Joseph Truchelut, a native of Rehon, France. He was originally buried in Colonial Park and re-interred here in the 1850s.

Kennedy family

This grotto, the only vernacular memorial I found in the Catholic Cemetery, is located beside the grave of Frank Kennedy.

Mary Raffial (1816-1859)

Mary Raffial was born in St. Augustine and died in Savannah in 1859. The willow seen on her headstone was a common theme in Victorian funerary art, representing sorrow and the acceptance of loss.

Hugh Cullens (unknown-1861) & family

This was the Hugh Cullens family vault. Cullens was a native of Ireland. Brick mausoleums of this design were popular in mid-19th century Savannah.

John Cass (1807-1859) & family

John Cass was an Irish immigrant. His obituary in the Savannah Morning News noted: “…Mr. Cass was, at the time of his death, the proprietor of the City Hotel, and Vice President of the Hibernian Society. His remains were followed to the grave…by the Chatham Artillery, members of the Hibernian Society, and a large concourse of citizens.”

James Monahan (unknown-1879) & family

This is another typical 19th-century mausoleum design found in various Savannah cemeteries, with stacked granite and marble trim. Mr. Monahan was a private in Olmstead’s 1st Georgia Infantry during the Civil War.

William Doody (1818-1873) & family

This mausoleum was installed in 1906. William Doody was an Irish immigrant.

Dempsey family

This Gothic Steeple monument is unique in the Catholic Cemetery, though the style can be found in other historic Savannah locations.

John Rourke, Sr. (1837-1932) & family

John Rourke, Sr., immigrated to America from County Wicklow, Ireland. His wife, Johanna Reedy Rourke (1845-1940), was from County Limerick.

John Jasper Rourke (1879-1879) & Mary Frances Rourke (1874-1880)

A cherub and cross mark the final resting place of two of John and Johanna Rourke’s children.

Capt. John Flannery (1835-1910) & family

John Flannery was an Irish immigrant, born in Nenagh, County Tipperary, who became one of the most prominent citizens of Savannah. The captain of the Irish Jasper Greens, he was beloved by his fellow soldiers and remained active in commemorations and parades honoring their service well into old age. He organized and served as president of the Southern Bank, which later merged with the Citizens Bank to become the Citizens and Southern Bank (C&S).

Capt. John Flannery monument (detail)

His monumental memorial, featuring a depiction of the crucified Christ, is among the most notable in the Catholic Cemetery.

Irish Jasper Greens monument (detail)


This Confederate soldier, standing atop a much taller base, memorializes the 28 members of the Irish Jasper Greens who died during the Civil War. It was erected in 1910.

Joseph Francis O’Brien (1867-1928) and Agnes L. Fitzgerald O’Brien (1872-1904)

These cross memorials are quite impressive, and larger than they appear in the photograph.

Francis James “Frank” Bohan (1871-1900)

This Celtic cross features the name “Frank” at the center.

Eliza C. Brown Johnston (1847-1908)

A memorial published on the anniversary of Mrs. Johnston’s death in the Savannah Morning News on 15 March 1909 noted: “…Mrs. Johnston worked as a trained nurse under Dr. James B. Read for twenty-four years and, before the era of the professional trained nurse, was considered the best nurse that Savannah could boast of. She was noted for her many deeds of charity and cared as tenderly for those who could give no reward as if they were the wealthiest in the land…” Mrs. Johnston was a native of Charleston.

James J. Paul (1893-1904)

The lamb is a typical symbol on the graves of children. This memorial was created by Savannah’s most accomplished monument maker, John Walz.

John Feeley (1834-1892)

This sarcophagus-style memorial features elements of the Egyptian Revival.

Natalie Caroline Bettelini Maggioni (1854-1915)

Mrs. Maggioni was a Swiss immigrant of Italian ancestry. Her memorial is quite beautiful.

Drury-McDonald Memorial with John Waltz cherubs

Those familiar with Savannah cemeteries are likely aware of the work of John Walz. He is perhaps best known for his cherubs.

Drury-McDonald Memorial with John Waltz cherubs

These cherubs are often located at the corners of small pillar stones and are quite distinctive.

Drury-McDonald Memorial with John Waltz cherubs

They survive in various conditions.

Joseph Pelli (1844-1913) & family

This memorial features a depiction of the Pietà.

Fogarty family plot

Christ depicted with the Crown of Thorns is but a small part of this memorial, but quite poignant.

Lula Margaret Smith (1861-1897)

The angel in a grotto adorning the gravesite of Lula Margaret Smith was created by John Walz.

Katie Walker McGuire (1865-1954)

The Sacred Heart of Jesus is one of the most common symbols in Catholic iconography and is often depicted as pierced or flaming, surrounded by thorns.

Winter Storm Enzo 2025: Liberty County

Liberty County received historic snowfall on Tuesday night as a result of Winter Storm Enzo, a weather system that brought blizzard conditions to the Gulf Coast and lower Southeast. I’m sharing a few random landmarks from my local rambles of the past week. My only regret is that I couldn’t photograph everything. I hope you enjoy seeing these as much as I enjoyed making them. I’ll be sharing some shots from Long County, as well.

Bacon-Fraser House, built circa 1839, Hinesville

Old Liberty County Jail, Hinesville

Liberty County Justice Center, Hinesville

Old Liberty County Courthouse, Hinesville

Hinesville Coca-Cola Bottling Company, Hinesville

Zum Rosenhof, Hinesville

Flemington Presbyterian Church, built in 1852, Flemington

Miller Park Fire Station, near McIntosh (the lost village, not the county)

Hall and Parlor Cottage, Liberty County

Midway Congregational Church of Christ, established in 1872, Midway

Dorchester Academy Boys Dormitory, Midway

Lambright House, Freedmen’s Grove

Midway Churchyard, Midway

Midway Congregational Church, built circa 1792, Midway

Tolomato Island, Georgia

Tolomato Island is one of the historical wonders of Coastal Georgia, located just north of Darien, though it is little-known outside the area. Archaeologists have determined, through examination of pottery and shell middens, that indigenous peoples, Swift Creek and Guale-Tolomato, were living in the area as early as 2000 BCE and thrived until at least the 1600s.

A Spanish Catholic mission known as Our Lady of Guadeloupe of Tolomato, may have been established here in the late 1500s, though details of this endeavor are in dispute. One early source of this claim is John Tate Lanning’s 1935 book, The Spanish Missions of Georgia, which over time has been proven to be academically questionable, at best, and has led to serious debate over any of the details of European intrusion into the area. It is known that there was a similarly named mission near St. Augustine in the early 1600s, as well, further confusing the matter.

What is known for sure is that the site today is home to the ruins of one of Georgia’s earliest industrial endeavors. Though surrounded by a quiet community of modern homes, the ruins are well-preserved and considered an important resource by the people of Tolomato Island. Locally, the area was originally known as “The Thicket”.

The historic marker on nearby Georgia Highway 99 reads: “The Thicket”: Sugar Mill-Rum Distillery RuinsOn the banks of Carnochan Creek, a short distance East of here, are the ruins of a famous Sugar Mill and Rum Distillery operated early in the 19th century. These buildings, constructed of tabby by William Carnochan on his huge sugar plantation at “The Thicket,” followed closely plans laid out by Thomas Spalding of Sapelo. The sugar works and rum distillery were operated successfully on a commercial scale until 1824, when a hurricane tore off the roof and upper story of the mill and cane barn, and destroyed other buildings. What this marker fails to mention is that the success of this operation was dependent on the labor of enslaved people. Prominent among the ruins are slave dwellings and other structures related to Carnochan’s operation.

The ruins are relatively intact and are a significant archaeological resource.

Repairs were apparently made in the 1920s, as graffiti on the patchwork suggests. The work above is signed “J. O. V. 1926”.

The people of Tolomato Island should be commended for preserving and keeping a watchful eye over this relic of early Georgia.

It should go without saying, but if you visit, take only pictures and tread lightly.

Vegetation has grown inside the ruins, but the durability of tabby as a building material is evident in these images.

Like the slave dwellings and the distillery, the ruins of the sugar mill have survived for over 200 years and are evidence of some of Georgia’s first industrial efforts.

These structures were built when John Adams was the president of the United States.

It will take many years for archaeologist and historians to come to a conclusion, if they ever reach one, regarding the Spanish mission story, but the story of William Carnochan is told in these ruins.

It is a microcosm of the earliest part of Georgia’s story, and is quite amazing.

Thunderbird Inn, 1964, Savannah

This neon sign, lit up along West Oglethorpe Avenue at night, may be the coolest thing about the Thunderbird Inn, but the whole place has an amazing retro vibe, harking back to the days of roadside motels. As American automobile ownership began to increase in the 1930s, quaint motor courts with numerous tiny cottages began to fill the need for travelers. By the end of World War II, motels began to replace them, because they were less expensive to build and maintain, and because tourists demanded more convenience. Motor hotels, or motels, popped up on busy state and national highways all across the country. The Thunderbird Inn opened on the Coastal Highway (US 17) in 1964 and quickly became a popular Savannah destination. The Jackson Five even stayed here on their rise to fame. Savannah has changed a lot since then, but the Thunderbird Inn has stayed true to its origins, thanks to restoration and updates over the past 20 years. I’ve stayed several times, and it’s one of my favorite locations.

Savannah Historic District, National Register of Historic Places

Calf Barn & Maternity Ward, Butler Island Plantation, 1935

Butler Island Plantation, Real Photo Postcard, 1935. Collection of Brian Brown.

After many years of decline, the historic lands and waterways of Butler Island, just south of Darien, were purchased and modernized by Col. Tillinghast L’Hommedieu (T. L.) Huston, in 1926. A dairy was part of the Butler Island Plantation enterprise before it was converted to an iceberg lettuce farm, and some of the dairy structures were maintained throughout Huston’s ownership. This barn and other related buildings have been gone for decades, but may have still been in use when R. J. Reynolds purchased the property after Huston’s death in 1938.

This real photo postcard, dated Tues. Apr. 16, 1935 wasn’t mailed, but features a somewhat exaggerated, tongue-in-cheek message on the reverse: “Near border of Georgia & Florida. Air fresh & fragrant with blossoms. Cattle have free range in this state & receive excellent attention, as card shows. Autos barely escape colliding with hogs, cows, chickens, dogs, turtles, etc. on the highways.” It isn’t signed.

Suspected Arson Destroys Butler Island Landmark

Friends from Darien have just called to tell me that the historic Huston House, built on Butler Island in 1927, is engulfed in flames. The Huston House is a landmark of McIntosh County and Highway 17, the Georgia home of Col. Tillinghast L’Hommedieu (T.L.) Huston, a part owner of the New York Yankees. Babe Ruth spent time at this house during that era.

Before Huston’s association, the Butler family owned this land from at least 1790 until 1923. Their rice plantation was dependent on the labor of as many as 500 enslaved people at its peak. Multiple generations of families were chained to this land and many were buried here, as well. As the plantation declined, most of the Butler enslaved were sold at a Savannah racetrack between 2-3 March 1859, in what came to be known as the Weeping Time. Their sale to disparate buyers ensured that most would never see each other again.

In recent years, ownership has shifted between state and local sources and its future has been uncertain.

Update: A visit to the site this morning (27 June 2024) confirms that the house is a complete loss. A news story from WSAV states that a person of interest (not a suspect) is in custody. I also hoped it was a lightning strike and am really sad to hear arson is suspected.

Candler Oak, Savannah

Savannah may be as well known for its moss-draped ancient oaks as for its superb architecture, and the Candler Oak may just be the biggest and oldest of them all. Located about midway on the Drayton Street side of Forsyth Park, this regal oak is 54-feet tall, boasts a circumference of 17-feet, and has a crown spread of over 110-feet.

It’s older than Georgia itself, and at approximately 300 years old, is believed to have been a sapling in the early 1700s. By the time its branches shaded Union prisoners held in stockade here during the Civil War, it was already a substantial tree. From 1819 until 1980, the tree was a well-known landmark on the grounds of the Savannah Poor House & Hospital and Candler Hospital [the tree’s namesake]. It’s now adjacent to SCAD’s Deloitte Foundry.

It was nearly lost to progress and development, but was saved by the Savannah Tree Foundation in 1982, when that group obtained a conservation easement of 6,804 feet that insured its protection well into the future. This is the first known easement for a single tree. It’s now held together by screws and cables, surrounded by a formidable fence, and monitored by 24-hour video surveillance. Hopefully, all these protections will allow it to live long into the future.


Savannah Historic District, National Historic Landmark

Savannah Officially Dedicates Taylor Square

Patt Gunn (second from right) and friends pose with the newly revealed Taylor Square sign

Mayor Van Johnson summed up Saturday’s dedication of Taylor Square, noting that “We’re not rewriting history…and we’re not making history. We’re making sense.”

For the first time in its nearly 300 year history, one of Savannah’s signature squares has been named for a woman, and an African-American. A large and festive crowd numbering in the hundreds was on hand on Saturday to see the dedication of Taylor Square, formerly known as Calhoun Square. Its previous namesake, vice-president John C. Calhoun, was a fierce advocate of slavery.

Susannah “Susie” Baker King Taylor (1848-1912) Courtesy Library of Congress

Its new namesake, Susannah “Susie” Baker King Taylor, was born into slavery and went on to become the first African-American nurse in the U. S. military and the only African-American woman to publish a memoir of her Civil War service (Reminisces of My Life in Camp). She was also a staunch advocate of creating educational opportunities for Black children and is believed to be the first Black teacher to openly teach African-Americans in Georgia. She established two schools in Savannah and another in Liberty County.

Savannah City Manager Joseph Melder introduced the event.

Reverend Jamie Maury of the Episcopal Diocese of Georgia led the ceremony with a prayer.

Patt Gunn

Patt Gunn, of the Susie King Taylor Center for Jubilee, who with Rosalyn Rouse spearheaded the effort to rename the square, thanked those in the neighborhood for their support. She also made references to her Gullah Geechee roots.

Donald Lovett

Donald Lovett, chairman of the Liberty County commission, spoke of Mrs. Taylor’s Liberty County origins.

Music was provided by the Wesley Monumental United Methodist Church choir.

Hermina Glass-Hill

Hermina Glass-Hill, who leads the Susie King Taylor Women’s Institute and Ecology Center in Midway, is the foremost authority on Mrs. Taylor’s life. She noted, “I can assure you that this revolution of unity in the city of Savannah…would certainly make her [Mrs. Baker] proud.”

Mayor Van Johnson

Mayor Johnson described the effort to rename the park, thanking those who led the effort and countless volunteers.

Dr. Bertice Berry

Dr. Bertice Berry inspired the crowd.

Rev. Ben Martin

Rev. Ben Martin is the senior pastor at Wesley Monumental United Methodist Church, which faces Taylor Square. He noted that the congregation was proud of the work done here.

The city hosted an all-day celebration in the square, with activities throughout the day.

This was a source of pride for the historic district.

Letha Moore (r) and Gena Taylor, who serves as Executive Director of the Greenbriar Children’s Center

I was honored to meet Letha Moore and even let her take my picture. She told me that she’s the unofficial photographer for her church.

People of all generations took in the festivities.

Hermina Glass-Hill poses with friends.

Van Johnson, Edna Jackson, Otis Johnson

Here, Mayor Van Johnson prepares to reveal the new sign, while former mayors Edna Jackson and Otis Johnson look on.

Savannah Historic District, National Historic Landmark

Cox, Georgia

This little central hallway cottage was bathed in bright sunlight when I made this photo a few years ago. The Spanish Moss and oak canopy were a perfect frame for this enigmatic landmark. Everything about Cox, Georgia, is an enigma. Located in the vicinity of a long lost 18th-century frontier fortification known as Fort Barrington, on the Altamaha River, the community was first known as Barrington. It was named for Josiah Barrington, a cousin of James Oglethorpe. People have been inhabiting these swampy backwoods near the coast since the early days of the Georgia colony.

The post office for Barrington was open from 1894-1916. Cox never had the honor. The Seaboard Air Line Railway operated a line through the area, and it was likely due to the lumber and turpentine business that would have been prolific here in the late 1800s and early 1900s. Perhaps Cox was someone involved in one of those businesses.

This isn’t somewhere you find by accident. It’s located at the terminus of Possum Point Road, and a recently placed sign proudly makes reference to the marsupial moniker. In fact, it states: Welcome to Possum Point, Cox, Georgia, Population: Just a Few, Richard Bolin, Sr., Mayor

Seaboard Air Line Freight Station, 1929, Savannah

This freight depot on Louisville Road, which sits just outside the boundaries of the National Historic Landmark District, is slated for partial demolition to make way for a new development for SCAD (Savannah College of Art & Design) in the near future. This was initially planned by private developers in 2016 and 2019 but intervening factors halted the process. In the interim, the city condemned the property after finding it to be unfit for human habitation, improperly secured, covered in graffiti, surrounded by litter and a harbor for vagrants and criminal activity. The office section, or “head house”, seen at the foreground of the photo below, will be preserved and six- and seven-story student housing and parking decks will be built around it.

Built to handle freight for the Seaboard Air Line, a forerunner of CSX, it served that purpose until the 1950s or early 1960s and was repurposed for various uses in the 1960s and 1970s. Over time, its original floors were removed, along with light fixtures, and other architectural elements.